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Te Toa Kore i Waiatatia o ngā Hikohiko: He Ruku Hōhonu ki te Hanganga o te Miraka Karāhe

I te ao o ngā rauemi hiato matatau, he maha ngā wā ka riro i te aro ngā rauemi pēnei i te muka waro. Engari kei muri i ngā hua muka karāhe kaha, pakari, me te mama katoa—mai i ngā anga poti me ngā mata o te tāhū hau ki ngā wāhanga motuka me ngā puna kaukau—kei reira he rauemi whakapakari taketake:te haereere i runga i te muka karāheKo tēnei aho miro karāhe maha ngā whakamahinga, he tonu, te mea nui o te umanga hiato. Engari me pēhea te hanga i tēnei rauemi nui?

Ka whakaratohia e tēnei tuhinga he tirohanga hōhonu ki te tukanga ahumahi matatau o te hanga i te mahi haereere i runga i te muka karāhe, mai i te onepu mata ki te pōro whakamutunga kua rite mō te tuku.

He aha te haereere muka karāhe?

I mua i te ruku ki te "me pēhea," he mea nui kia mārama ki te "aha".Te haereere muka karāhehe kohinga o ngā miro karāhe whakarara, tonu, kua huihuia kia kotahi te aho, kāore i mirohia. I te nuinga o te wā ka takaihia ki runga i tētahi pōkai nui, ki tētahi kete hanga rānei. Nā tēnei hanganga ka pai mō ngā tukanga e tino hiahiatia ana te kaha teitei me te tere o te makuku (te whakakī ki te kapia), pērā i:

–Te pupuhi:Te waihanga i ngā kōtaha whakawhiti pumau pērā i ngā kurupae me ngā pae.

–Te Whakataka o te Miro:Te hanga oko pēhanga, paipa, me ngā anga mōtini rōkete.

–Te Hanganga o te Whāriki Miro Tapatapahi (CSM):Te wāhi e tapatapahia ai te whāriki haereere, ka tohatoha matapōkeretia ai ki runga i te whāriki.

–Ngā Whakamahinga Rehu-ā-ringa:Te whakamahi i te pū tapatapahi hei tāpiri i te kapia me te karāhe i te wā kotahi.

Ko te mea nui o tōna mahi pai kei roto i tōna āhua pumau me te kounga parakore o ngā miro karāhe takitahi.

Te Tukanga Hanga: He Haerenga mai i te Oneone ki te Pūwero

Te whakaputanga ote haereere i runga i te muka karāheHe tukanga tonu, he pāmahana teitei, he tino aunoa hoki. Ka taea te wehewehe ki ngā wāhanga matua e ono.

Wāhanga 1: Te Whakakotahi – Te Tunu Tika

He mea miharo pea, engari ka tīmata te karāhe muka ki te rauemi noa iho pērā i te takutai moana: te onepū silica. Heoi, ka tino whiriwhiria, ka whakaranua hoki ngā rauemi mata. Ko tēnei ranunga, e mōhiotia ana ko te "puranga," ko te nuinga o ēnei ko:

–Oneone Hiraka (SiO₂):Ko te kaihanga karāhe tuatahi, hei poutokomanawa hanganga.

–Kōhatu Tāwhana (Konupūmā Kāponāte):Āwhina ki te whakau i te karāhe.

–Pungarehu Hou (Konutai Kāponāte):Ka whakaiti i te pāmahana rewa o te onepu, ka penapena pūngao.

–Ētahi atu Tāpiri:Ka tāpirihia he iti noa ngā kohuke pēnei i te borax, te uku, te magnesite rānei hei whakaputa i ngā āhuatanga motuhake pēnei i te ātete matū whakarei ake (pēnei i te karāhe E-CR) te whakamarumaru hiko rānei (karāhe-E).

Ka paunatia tikatia ēnei rauemi mata, ka whakaranua kia rite te ranunga, kia rite ai mō te oumu.

Wāhanga 2: Te Rewa – Te Hurihanga Ahi

Ka whāngaihia te puranga ki roto i tētahi oumu nui, e mura ana i te hau māori e mahi ana i ngā pāmahana whakamiharo o te tata ki1400°C ki te 1600°C (2550°F ki te 2900°F)I roto i tēnei mura ahi, ka huri haere ngā rauemi mata totoka, ka rewa hei wai matotoru, ōrite e mōhiotia ana ko te karāhe rewa. Ka mahi tonu te oumu, me te puranga hou e tāpirihia ana i tetahi pito, ā, ka tangohia mai te karāhe rewa i tetahi atu pito.

Wāhanga 3: Te Whakapūtanga o ngā Miro – Te Whānautanga o ngā Miro

Koinei te wāhanga tino hira me te tino whakamīharo o te tukanga. Ka rere te karāhe rewa mai i te oumu o mua ki roto i ngā taputapu motuhake e kiia nei ko tepūHe pereti konukōre-rhodium te pūahi, he ātete ki te wera nui me te waikura, kei roto ngā rau, ngā mano rānei o ngā kōhao angiangi, ngā pito rānei.

I te rere o te karāhe rewa i roto i ēnei pito, ka hangaia he awa iti, pumau. Kātahi ka tere te whakamatao i ēnei awa, ā, ka tōia iho mā te mīhini e te mīhini hurihuri tere-rahi kei raro rawa atu. Mā tēnei tukanga tuhi ka whakaitihia te karāhe, ka kumea kia tino angiangi, kia rite ki ngā miro tino angiangi, ko te whānui kei waenga i te 9 ki te 24 maikiromita—he angiangi atu i te makawe tangata.

Wāhanga 4: Te Whakatakoto Rahi – Te Paninga Hira

I muri tonu i te hanganga o ngā miro, engari i mua i te pa atu o tētahi ki tētahi, ka pania ki tētahi otinga matū e mōhiotia ana kote rahihe rāneikaihoko honongaHe rite tonu te hiranga o tēnei taahiraa ki te whakapūtanga muka tonu. He maha ngā mahi nui a te rahi:

–Whakahinuhinu:Ka tiaki i ngā miro pakarukaru mai i te pakū o tētahi ki tētahi, me ngā taputapu tukatuka anō hoki.

–Hononga:Ka waihanga i tētahi piriti matū i waenganui i te mata karāhe kore-waro me te kapia pūmua waro, ka tino whakapai ake i te piri me te kaha o te hiato.

–Whakaiti Pūmau:Ka ārai i te kohikohinga o te hiko pateko.

–Kotahitanga:Ka herea ngā miro kia kotahi hei hanga i tētahi aho piripono.

He mea ngaro te whakatakotoranga motuhake o te rahi e tiakina pai ana e ngā kaihanga, ā, kua whakaritea kia hototahi ki ngā momo kapia rerekē (polyester, epoxy,winīri ester).

Wāhanga 5: Te Huihuinga me te Hanganga Miro

Ka huihui ngā rau o ngā miro takitahi, te rahi, ināianei. Ka huihuia ēnei ki runga i tētahi raupapa o ngā roera, e mōhiotia ana ko ngā hu kohikohi, hei hanga i tētahi miro kotahi, tonu - te miro hou. Ko te maha o ngā miro kua kohia e whakatau ana i te "tex" whakamutunga, te taumaha-mō-te-roa o te miro.

Wāhanga 6: Te Whakakorikori – Te Mōkihi Whakamutunga

Te aho haere tonu o te kopikopikoka takaihia ki runga i tētahi kōrere hurihuri, ka hangaia he mōkihi porotaka nui e kiia nei ko te "doff" ko te "mōkihi hanga". He tino teitei te tere o te takai, he maha ngā wā ka neke atu i te 3,000 mita ia meneti. Ka whakamahia e ngā mīhini takai hou ngā mana whakahaere matatau hei whakarite kia takaihia te mōkihi kia ōrite, kia tika hoki te kume, kia kore ai e whiria, e whati rānei i ngā tono o raro.

Kia oti te takai i te mōkihi katoa, ka tangohia (ka tangohia), ka tirotirohia te kounga, ka tapaina, ā, ka whakaritea mō te tuku ki ngā kaihanga me ngā kaihanga hiato huri noa i te ao.

Mana Kounga: Te Tuarā Kāore i Kitea

I roto i tēnei tukanga katoa, he mea tino nui te whakahaere kounga pakari. Ka aroturuki tonu ngā pūnaha aunoa me ngā tohunga taiwhanga i ngā taurangi pēnei i:

–Te ōritetanga o te whānui o te miro

–Tex (kiato rārangi)

–Te pumau o te aho me te kore e pakaru

–Te ōritetanga o te rahi o te tono

–Te kounga hanga mōkihi

Mā tēnei ka tutuki i ia porowhita haereere ngā paerewa tino tika e hiahiatia ana mō ngā rauemi hiato mahi teitei.

Whakamutunga: He Miharo Hangarau i te Oranga o Ia Rā

Te hanganga ote haereere i runga i te muka karāheHe mahi toi rongonui o te hangarau ahumahi, e huri ana i ngā rauemi māmā, nui hei whakapakari hangarau teitei e hanga ana i tō tātou ao hou. A te wā ka kite anō koe i tētahi tāpine hau e huri ataahua ana, he motuka hākinakina maeneene, he paipa muka karāhe pakari rānei, ka maioha koe ki te haerenga uaua o te auahatanga me te tika i tīmata mai i te onepu me te ahi, ā, ka hua ake te toa ngaro o ngā mea hiato: te haereere muka karāhe.

Whakapā mai ki a mātou:

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